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Mantua Creek is a tributary of the Delaware River in Mantua Township, Gloucester County, New Jersey in the United States. Mantua Creek's headwaters are near Glassboro, flowing northwest for 18.6 miles (29.9 kilometers) to the Delaware River at the Port of Paulsboro in Paulsboro across from present-day Philadelphia International Airport.〔NJ Hometown Locator: (''Mantua Creek, Gloucester County'' ), accessed August 27, 2011.〕〔South Jersey Land & Water Trust: (''Mantua Creek Watershed Facts'' ), accessed August 27, 2011.〕 The name Mantua Creek is derived from the Native American word “Manta”, meaning frog, and was so named because of the remarkable chorus effect produced by abundant frogs in its watershed.〔Mantua Township Clerk’s Office: (''A Brief Tour of Mantua Township History'' ), last modified on June 3, 2011, citing “A Bicentennial Look at Mantua Township”, presented to the Township on Memorial Day, May 31, 1976.〕 Mantua Creek and its two major tributaries, Edwards Run and Chestnut Branch, drain over of Gloucester County.〔South Jersey Land & Water Trust, 2011, ''op.cit.''〕 ==History== Early human settlement along Mantua Creek dates back to the Lenni-Lenape Native Americans who exploited its abundance of fish and game and utilized the creeks for transportation. Early European settlers also used the creek for transportation, and constructed saw mills and grist mills on the creek and its streams, encouraging flood plain development for agriculture.〔South Jersey Land & Water Trust, 2011, ''op.cit.''〕〔Mantua Township Clerk’s Office, 2011, ''op.cit.''〕 Carpenter's Landing was a 17th-century mercantile settlement located at the head of sloop navigation on Mantua Creek.〔Henry Charlton Beck: ''More Forgotten Towns of Southern New Jersey'', Rutgers University Press, New Brunswick, N.J., 1963, pp. 299-301.〕 In the 1860s, it was described as "a place of considerable trade in lumber, cordwood, etc., and contains one tavern, two stores, 30 dwellings and a Methodist church".〔Beck, p. 299.〕 The landing is said to have been named either for a man named Carpenter who built boats at the site during its mercantile boom days,〔Beck, p. 300.〕 or Edward Carpenter (son of Thomas Carpenter and descendant of Samuel Carpenter of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania) who owned the Heston & Carpenter Glass Works at nearby Glassboro, New Jersey in 1786〔Charles S. Boyer: ''Old Inns and Taverns in West Jersey'', Camden County Historical Society, Camden, N.J., 1962, pp. 158-159.〕〔Borough of Glassboro: ''History - The Past'', http://www.glassboroonline.com/history_glassboro.html, retrieved 1 Aug 2010.〕 in partnership with Col. Thomas Heston, his wife's nephew.〔Arthur Adams: "Memoirs of the Deceased Members of the New England Historic Genealogical Society" in ''The Northeast Historic and Genealogical Register'', Vol. CVII, Whole Number 425, January 1953, p. 70.〕 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Mantua Creek」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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